{"id":860,"date":"2020-05-13T15:00:25","date_gmt":"2020-05-13T15:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cog-ist.com\/?post_type=blog_content&p=860"},"modified":"2025-08-13T19:09:41","modified_gmt":"2025-08-13T19:09:41","slug":"turkcede-bilissel-bilim-cogist","status":"publish","type":"blog_content","link":"https:\/\/cog-ist.com\/en\/blog_content\/turkcede-bilissel-bilim-cogist\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de Bili\u015fsel Bilim \u2014 CogIST"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bu yaz\u0131 ilk olarak \u00d6nc\u00fcl Analitik Felsefe Dergisi\u2019nde yay\u0131nlanmak \u00fczere haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dergiye\u00a0buradan\u00a0<\/a>eri\u015febilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bug\u00fcn\u00fcn lingua franca<\/em>s\u0131 olan \u0130ngilizce\u2019de bili\u015fsel bilim literat\u00fcr\u00fc gittik\u00e7e, belki de takip etmeyi imkans\u0131z k\u0131lan bir h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcyor. Bu alanla akademik olarak ilgilenenler de ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 bu literat\u00fcrden kald\u0131r\u0131p \u015f\u00f6yle bir etraf\u0131na bakmak f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 genellikle bulam\u0131yor. Bu elimizdeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck derleme, bu alanla \u00f6zellikle akademik olarak ilgilenmeyenler veya alanla yeni yeni tan\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f baz\u0131 bili\u015fsel bilim eserlerini bir araya getirmeyi hedefliyor. Derleme, tabii ki T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de, bili\u015fsel bilim \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplanabilecek t\u00fcm kitaplar\u0131 bir araya getiren kapsaml\u0131 bir bibliyografi olmaktan \u00e7ok uzak; b\u00f6yle bir amac\u0131 da yok. Daha ziyade, bizim de okudu\u011fumuz, inceledi\u011fimiz, bildi\u011fimiz ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye de \u00e7evrildi\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz eserlerden bir demet sunmak istiyoruz. Keyifli okumalar!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Noam Chomsky<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Noam Chomsky i\u00e7in bili\u015fsel bilimin kurucu isimlerinden diyebiliriz. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 modern dilbilimi ve hatta belki de bilgisayar bilimini yaratm\u0131\u015f biri olarak bilim tarihini onsuz yazmak art\u0131k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Dilbilimin as\u0131l odaklanmas\u0131 gereken \u00fc\u00e7 soru oldu\u011funu, bunlar\u0131n da \u201c\u0130nsan zihninde dil nas\u0131l yap\u0131lan\u0131yor ki biz bunu konu\u015fabiliyoruz?\u201d, \u201cBu yap\u0131 do\u011fumdan itibaren nas\u0131l geli\u015fiyor?\u201d ve \u201cNeden dil yaln\u0131zca insanlarda var fakat di\u011fer hayvanlarda yok?\u201d sorular\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek dilbilimle bili\u015fsel psikoloji ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 biyoloji aras\u0131nda bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc kurmu\u015ftur. \u00dc\u00e7 soruya da insanlar\u0131n genetik olarak sahip aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018Evrensel Gramer\u2019 isimli bir mekanizma \u00f6nerip bunu geli\u015ftirerek cevap veren Chomsky\u2019nin fikirlerini \u00f6zetleyen baz\u0131 eserlerini T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek; \u201cDilin Mimarisi (Architecture of Language)\u201d, \u201cDo\u011fa ve Dil \u00dczerine (On Nature and Language)\u201d ve \u201cDil ve Zihin (Language and Mind)\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Steven Pinker<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uzun y\u0131llar MIT\u2019de profes\u00f6rl\u00fck yapm\u0131\u015f, sonra da Harvard Psikoloji B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019ne ge\u00e7mi\u015f, kimilerince psikolojinin \u2018rockstar\u2019\u0131 olarak an\u0131lan Steven Pinker, dilbilim ve evrimsel psikoloji alan\u0131ndaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bili\u015fsel bilimde olduk\u00e7a \u00fcnl\u00fc bir isim. \u0130lgi alanlar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca bunlarla k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 olmayan Pinker\u2019\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok kitap, asl\u0131nda, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f durumda. Fakat bili\u015fsel bilim okuru i\u00e7in, \u201cZihin Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r? (How the Mind Works)\u201d, \u201cDil \u0130\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcs\u00fc (Language Instinct)\u201d, ve \u201cD\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin Maddesi (Atoms of Thought)\u201d isimleri kitaplar\u0131 di\u011ferlerinden ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pinker\u2019\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 80\u2019lerde ve 90\u2019larda gittik\u00e7e \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kan ve geli\u015ftirilen evrimsel psikolojiye odaklan\u0131yor. Chomsky\u2019ye paralel olarak dilin \u00f6zel olarak evrilmi\u015f bir mekanizman\u0131n sonucunda olu\u015ftu\u011funu savunan Pinker, kitaplar\u0131nda bu evrimsel perspektifi pek \u00e7ok konuyu kapsayacak \u015fekilde geni\u015fletiyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael Tomasello<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael Tomasello Chomsky\u2019nin \u00f6nerdi\u011fi Evrensel Gramere kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan isimlerin ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor demek yanl\u0131\u015f olmaz. Dilin ileti\u015fim i\u00e7in evrilmedi\u011fini ve kendine has zihinsel bir yap\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve bu yap\u0131n\u0131n zihnin di\u011fer yap\u0131lar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu ba\u011flamda unique<\/em> oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Chomsky\u2019nin aksine Tomasello, dilin ileti\u015fim i\u00e7in evrildi\u011fini ve zihindeki \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc tan\u0131ma vs. gibi \u2018genel\u2019 (yani spesifik olarak bir \u2018g\u00f6revle\u2019 ve\/ya \u2018i\u015fle\u2019 ilintili olmayan, zihnin neredeyse t\u00fcm i\u015flevlerinde kullan\u0131lan) bir mekanizmalarla a\u00e7\u0131klanabilece\u011fini iddia ediyor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 boyunca homo sapiens<\/em>in sosyal bir canl\u0131 olmas\u0131na vurgu yapan Tomasello\u2019nun \u201c\u0130nsan \u0130leti\u015fiminin K\u00f6kenleri (Origins of Human Communication)\u201d ve \u201cNeden Ortakl\u0131klar Kurar\u0131z (Why We Cooperate)\u201d kitaplar\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere baz\u0131 kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019de bulmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Guy Deutscher \u2014 Dilin Aynas\u0131ndan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sapir-Whorf hipotezi \u00f6zellikle de Arrival filmi ile herkes\u00e7e bilinir hale geldi. Hipotezin radikall\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve pek \u00e7ok ki\u015fiye makul gelmesi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da herkesin ilgisini \u00e7ekti. Guy Deutscher \u201cDilin Aynas\u0131ndan (Through the Language Glass)\u201d kitab\u0131nda dil-d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ili\u015fkisi fikrinin tarihini g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar izliyor ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da aktarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Kitab\u0131n \u00fcslubu harika, okurken elden b\u0131rak\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtelim. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra dil-d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ili\u015fkisi konusunda, dilin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi etkiledi\u011fini ve\/ya etkileyebilece\u011fini kabul etti\u011fi i\u00e7in bu tart\u0131\u015fmalarda yaln\u0131zca tek taraf\u0131 temsil etti\u011fini s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Halbuki dil-d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce etkile\u015fimine dair, b\u00f6yle bir \u015feyin s\u00f6z konusu olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiren olduk\u00e7a geni\u015f bir literat\u00fcr de mevcut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Eagleman \u2014 Incognito<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

David Eagleman edebi a\u00e7\u0131dan \u015fahane bir yazar. Bilimi belki de olabilece\u011fi en ilgi \u00e7ekici ve ak\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekilde aktarabilen bir isim. N\u00f6robilimdeki pek \u00e7ok konuyu insanlar\u0131n genelde merak ettikleri, pratik ve ya\u015famdan sorunlarla (\u00d6rne\u011fin; baz\u0131 hukuksal konular) da birle\u015ftirerek aktar\u0131yor. Lisedeyken okudu\u011fum bu kitab\u0131n benim \u015fu anda ilgilendi\u011fim alanlara y\u00f6nelmemde olduk\u00e7a etkili oldu\u011funu da belirteyim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Corrado Sinigaglia, Giacomo Rizzolatti \u2014 Beyindeki Aynalar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f6robilim literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde \u00e7ok ses getiren \u201cayna n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n\u201d ka\u015fifi ya da bilim felsefesinin deresinden bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re \u2018mucidi\u2019 olan Giacomo Rizzolatti ile aslen bir filozof olan fakat pek \u00e7ok bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada da bulunan Corrado Sinigaglia\u2019n\u0131n 2006 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f bu kitab\u0131 o vakte kadar bu alandaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 derleyip bir araya getiriyor ve bunu olduk\u00e7a anla\u015f\u0131labilir \u015fekilde aktar\u0131yor. Ayna n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n, ki\u015finin kendisi motor bir hareket ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finde aktive oldu\u011fu gibi, ayn\u0131 zamanda ayn\u0131 hareketin bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 taraf\u0131nda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde de ate\u015flenen n\u00f6ronlard\u0131, hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma motor i\u015flevlerin bili\u015fteki \u00f6nemine dikkat \u00e7ekip, asl\u0131nda motor i\u015flevlerin bili\u015fin pek \u00e7ok alan\u0131nda birincil \u00f6nemde oldu\u011fu fikrini destekleyen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler (insights) sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ray Kurzweil \u2014 Bir Zihin Yaratmak<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Google\u2019da da uzun s\u00fcreler teknoloji geli\u015ftirme konusunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f \u00fcnl\u00fc f\u00fct\u00fcrist Ray Kurzweil\u2019\u0131n 2012\u2019de \u00e7\u0131kan bu kitab\u0131, n\u00f6robilimdeki yeni geli\u015fmeleri de hesaba katarak, nas\u0131l bir i\u015flemsel (computational) modelleme stratejisinin, insan zihnini sim\u00fcle etmek i\u00e7in gerekli oldu\u011funu betimlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 350 sayfa uzunlu\u011fundaki kitab\u0131n \u00fcslubu olduk\u00e7a ak\u0131c\u0131. Kurzweil, bu kitapta, insan beyninin \u2013daha do\u011frusu, neokorteksinin- tamamen \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc tan\u0131maya adal\u0131 y\u00fczlerce a\u011fdan olu\u015ftu\u011funu ve \u2019d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce\u2019ye bu yap\u0131lar\u0131n yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia ediyor ve buna Zihnin \u00d6r\u00fcnt\u00fc Tan\u0131ma Teorisi ismini veriyor. Kitap \u201c\u0130nsan D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin S\u0131rr\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u201d altba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla pek \u00e7oklar\u0131nca ele\u015ftirilse de g\u00fcncel, yar\u0131-akademik ve ak\u0131c\u0131 bir metin olarak okunmay\u0131 kesinlikle hak ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oliver Sacks \u2014 Kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u015eapka Zanneden Adam<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f6roloji doktoru olan Oliver Sacks\u2019in y\u0131llar boyunca hem kendi ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, tecr\u00fcbe etti\u011fi vakalara hem de okuduklar\u0131na dayanarak olu\u015fturdu\u011fu, \u2018beynin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n\u0131\u2019 \u00f6rneklerle aktaran bir anlat\u0131 bu. Oliver Sacks ger\u00e7ekten de kalemi olduk\u00e7a kuvvetli biri. Afaziden, Tourette sendromuna kadar pek \u00e7ok vakadan \u00f6rnekleri, zihnin ve beynin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131rken kullan\u0131yor. Yazar\u0131n di\u011fer kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 da kesinlikle \u00f6nerebiliriz, bunu spesifik olarka tercih etmemizin sebebi bu kitab\u0131 ilk \u00f6nce okuman\u0131 daha fazla say\u0131da konuya ve genel olarak beyne dair bir tecr\u00fcbe sunaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemizdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adam Zeman \u2014 Bilin\u00e7 Kullan\u0131m K\u0131lavuzu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Exeter T\u0131p \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde Bili\u015fsel ve Davran\u0131\u015fsal N\u00f6roloji departman\u0131nda profes\u00f6r olan Adam Zeman genel okur kitlesini hedef ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu kitab\u0131yla \u2018tecr\u00fcbe ettiklerimiz\u2019le beynin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensipleri aras\u0131nda bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bunu yap\u0131yorken, bilince dair baz\u0131 tan\u0131mlardan, baz\u0131 tarihi tart\u0131\u015fmalardan bahsetti\u011fi gibi biyoloji tarihinden ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczden perspektifleri de al\u0131yor. Zeman\u2019\u0131n kendi alan\u0131n\u0131n n\u00f6roloji olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7o\u011funlukla klinik bir a\u00e7\u0131dan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi notunu da d\u00fc\u015felim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Paul Churchland ve Patricia Smith Churchland<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Kar\u0131-koca olan Paul ve Patricia Churchland (Kendilerinin t\u00fcm \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 da n\u00f6robilimcidir ayr\u0131ca) zihin felsefesinde olduk\u00e7a radikal bir tutuma sahipler ve bu tutumlar\u0131na da n\u00f6rofelsefe ismini vermi\u015fler. Churchlandler bize bin y\u0131llar \u00f6ncesinden miras kalan, \u201cbilin\u00e7\u201d, \u201cistek\u201d, \u201cduygu\u201d vs. gibi \u2018terimlerin\u2019, \u2018s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin\u2019 t\u0131pk\u0131 bilim tarihindeki filojiston (phlogiston), ether (aether) veya \u00e9lan vital gibi \u2018eski\u2019 ve art\u0131k bizim modern n\u00f6robilimimizle alakas\u0131z teorilere, alakas\u0131 kavramsalla\u015ft\u0131rmalara ait oldu\u011funu, e\u011fer bu tarz s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerden \u2018kurtulursak\u2019 ve onlar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m\u0131zdan elimine edip yerlerinde \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f n\u00f6robilimsel terimler koyarsak bilimde ve felsefede kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z pek \u00e7ok sorunun kendili\u011finden \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclece\u011fini iddia ediyorlar. \u201cMadde ve Bilin\u00e7 (Matter and Consciousness)\u201d ve \u201cN\u00f6rofelsefe (Neurophilosophy)\u201d T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f baz\u0131 eserleri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daniel Dennett \u2014 Bilin\u00e7 A\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131yor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daniel Dennett zihin felsefesinin ve bili\u015fsel bilimin en \u00fcnl\u00fc simalar\u0131ndan biri daha. 1991 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cBilin\u00e7 A\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131yor (Consciousness Explained)\u201d belki de onun en \u00e7ok okunan ve en \u00e7ok ele\u015ftirilen eseridir. Kitap, Nagel\u2019in Yarasas\u0131 ve Mary\u2019nin Odas\u0131 gibi insan\u0131n n\u00f6rofizyolojik s\u00fcre\u00e7lere dair bilgilerinin subjektif, \u00f6znel \u201calg\u0131n\u0131n\u201d nas\u0131l olu\u015ftu\u011funa dair yeterli veriyi olu\u015fturamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia eden perspektiflerden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bilin\u00e7 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131yor ve Dennett, Churchlandlerle paralel olarak eliminatif bir tutum tak\u0131n\u0131yor. Subjektif alg\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yaln\u0131zca bize has, i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fcsel, \u00f6znel \u2018kavramlarla\u2019 (bilin\u00e7 gibi) betimledi\u011fimiz i\u00e7in mi bunlar\u0131 fiziksel olandan ayr\u0131 sanmaya meyyaliz? \u201cEvet, evet! Kesinlikle!\u201d diyenlerin de, \u201cHay\u0131r yahu, ne alaka?\u201d diyenlerin de okumas\u0131 gereken bir eser. Merak edenler Dennett\u2019in \u00e7evrilmi\u015f di\u011fer bir iki kitab\u0131na da bakabilirler tabii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

John Searle<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz filozoflar\u0131ndan, spesifik olarak da zihin filozoflar\u0131ndan John Searle, belki de meslekta\u015flar\u0131 aras\u0131nda en tan\u0131nan isimdir. Kendisi en \u00e7ok anlam\u0131n, semanti\u011fin sentaktik ili\u015fkilere indirilemeyece\u011fini, bu y\u00fczden i\u015flemsel zihin teorisinin n\u00f6ral ve zihinsel fenomenlerin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klayamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etti\u011fi \u00c7in Odas\u0131 D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce Deneyi dolay\u0131s\u0131yla biliniyor. Beyin \u2014 Zihin ili\u015fkisi ba\u011flam\u0131nda kendisinin geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi biyolojik nat\u00fcralizm isimli bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ekol\u00fc mevcut. Searle\u2019\u00fcn baz\u0131 eserleri T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f, \u201cBilin\u00e7 ve Dil (Consciousness and Language\u201d ve \u201cBilincin Gizemi (The Mystery of Consciousness)\u201d bunlara birer \u00f6rnek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roger Penrose<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Aslen bir fizik\u00e7i olan Roger Penrose bili\u015fsel bilim alan\u0131nda nevi \u015fahs\u0131na m\u00fcnhas\u0131r bir yere sahip. G\u00f6del ve Turing\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00fczerine bina edilmi\u015f i\u015flemsel zihin teorisi (computational theory of mind) bili\u015fsel bilimde olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7eveye g\u00f6re, beyin\/zihin hesaplanabilir problemleri hesaplayabilen bir Turing Makinesi (hesaplanabilir problemler ve hesaplanamaz problemler konusunun k\u0131sa ve a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u00f6zeti i\u00e7in okur Cem Say\u2019\u0131n 50 Soruda Yapay Zeka kitab\u0131na dan\u0131\u015fabilir.). Roger Penrose ise insan beyninin\/zihninin hesaplanamaz problemleri de hesaplayabildi\u011fini bu a\u00e7\u0131dan da mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n Quantum Mekani\u011fi ile anla\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fini \u2013belki de \u2018anla\u015f\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u2019 s\u00f6ylemek daha do\u011fru olur- s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Penrose \u2018un bu fikirlerini izah etti\u011fi iki kitab\u0131, \u201cKral\u0131n Yeni Akl\u0131 (Emperor\u2019s New Mind)\u201d ve \u201cZihnin G\u00f6lgeleri (Shadows of the Mind)\u201d T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zoltan Torey \u2014 Bilin\u00e7li Zihin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybeden Zoltan Torey\u2019in o sene yay\u0131nlanan son eseri bili\u015fsel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin ve daha sonras\u0131nda bilincin n\u00f6ral faaliyetler dolay\u0131s\u0131yla nas\u0131l olu\u015ftu\u011funu izah ediyor. MIT Press taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanan bu eser k\u0131sa olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen konuya pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 perspektiften yakla\u015fmay\u0131 ve olas\u0131 problemlerin nas\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndense \u2018\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilece\u011fine\u2019 dair ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00e7er\u00e7eveler sunmay\u0131 hedefliyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eric Kandel \u2014 Belle\u011fin Pe\u015finde<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Erica Kandel haf\u0131za \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda bir otorite. 2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda n\u00f6ronlar\u0131n nas\u0131l \u2018an\u0131 depolad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019 \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 fizyolojik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar neticesinde Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc alm\u0131\u015f yazar, bellek ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda ge\u00e7en \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc ve bu bellek ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n muhteviyat\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor. Bili\u015fsel psikoloji ve n\u00f6robilimin birle\u015fmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir bilim insan\u0131n\u0131 da tan\u0131ma f\u0131rsat\u0131 edindi\u011fimiz bir eser.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Liste boyunca bazen tek bir kitap bazense yazar \u00f6nerdik. \u00d6zellikle bili\u015fsel psikoloji, dilbilim, felsefe, n\u00f6robilim konular\u0131nda eserler \u00f6nerdik. Bunun yegane sebebi tabii ki bizim okudu\u011fumuz kitaplar\u0131n daha ziyade bu alanlarda olmas\u0131. Bu k\u0131sa derlemenin nereden ba\u015flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 merak edenlere yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu yeni ba\u015flayanlar\u0131n bir daha bili\u015fsel bilimin pe\u015fini b\u0131rakamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve a\u015fk\u0131ndan laboratuvar masalar\u0131nda sabahlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 umuyoruz.<\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":861,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"event_publishing_tags":[117,116,84,733,94,93,378,234,518,122,691,64,377,233,92,285,74,119,731,732,65,75,80,81,471,61],"kategori":[725],"class_list":["post-860","blog_content","type-blog_content","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","event_publishing_tags-anthropology","event_publishing_tags-antropoloji","event_publishing_tags-artificial-intelligence","event_publishing_tags-bilgisayar-bilim","event_publishing_tags-bilis","event_publishing_tags-bilissel-bilim","event_publishing_tags-bilissel-norobilim","event_publishing_tags-bilissel-psikoloji","event_publishing_tags-bilissel-sinirbilim","event_publishing_tags-book","event_publishing_tags-cogist","event_publishing_tags-cognition","event_publishing_tags-cognitive-neuroscience","event_publishing_tags-cognitive-psychology","event_publishing_tags-cognitive-science","event_publishing_tags-computer-science","event_publishing_tags-felsefe","event_publishing_tags-kitap","event_publishing_tags-literatur","event_publishing_tags-literature","event_publishing_tags-norobilim","event_publishing_tags-philosophy","event_publishing_tags-psikoloji","event_publishing_tags-psychology","event_publishing_tags-sinirbilim","event_publishing_tags-yapay-zeka","kategori-yazi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cog-ist.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_content\/860","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cog-ist.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_content"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cog-ist.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/blog_content"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cog-ist.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/blog_content\/860\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cog-ist.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/861"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cog-ist.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=860"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"event_publishing_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cog-ist.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/event_publishing_tags?post=860"},{"taxonomy":"kategori","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cog-ist.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/kategori?post=860"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}